What Are Synthetic Clothes and Are They Really That Bad?

Synthetic fibers have changed the clothing industry. About 70% of fast fashion clothes are made from synthetic fibers like polyester, acrylic, and nylon. Nylon and spandex are great for sweat-wicking activewear and summer swimsuits because they resist water and stains. They're durable and can last through multiple washes, which is a big plus for consumers.

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They're also inexpensive to produce and widely available, making them a favorite for fast fashion brands over natural fibers.

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But unfortunately, these synthetic clothes harm human health and the planet.

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Health and environmental impact of synthetic clothes

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Synthetic fibers are made from fossil fuels like petroleum, which take a lot of energy to produce. This process releases greenhouse gases, contributing to the climate crisis. Also, making these fibers emits harmful particles and acids, such as hydrogen chloride.

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When synthetic clothes are produced and worn, they shed microplastics. A 2017 report by IUCN found that washing synthetic fabrics like polyester adds 35% of all microplastics in the ocean.

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Synthetic fibers also pose health risks. Sports bras and leggings made from Spandex, nylon, and polyester are essentially plastics derived from petrochemicals and often contain harmful additives like phthalates and bisphenols. A 2023 research shows that sweat can draw out these chemicals, allowing them to be absorbed through your skin. Some initial studies have linked these chemicals to adverse health effects such as thyroid disease, hormonal disruption, and neurological issues.

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What can we do as consumers?

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Synthetic clothing is flexible, resists stains and water, and is perfect for activewear—qualities that are hard to find in natural fibers. If you need to buy synthetic clothes, choose them from brands that prioritize sustainability.

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Wash your synthetic clothes on a gentle cycle to minimize microfiber shedding.

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Be mindful of your purchases and avoid falling into the overconsumption trap. When your clothes reach the end of their life, try to reuse them or dispose of them responsibly instead of sending them to landfills.

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If you can, opt for natural alternatives like organic cotton, hemp, and Tencel, which are made from renewable materials and designed to be more sustainable.